The white-winged nightjar is a species of nightjar in the family Caprimulgidae native to Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay, where it lives in open grassland with scattered trees. It is about 20 cm (8 in) long, with females being slightly larger than males. It is usually a silent bird, but the male calls during courtship. It breeds in the summer, with the female incubating the eggs and rearing the young. It has a wide range but the population is declining, probably because of a decrease of suitable habitat, so the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being "endangered".