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09/12/1978 Matryoshka probe enters atmosphere of Venus

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Pioneer Venus Orbiter

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Today in Space History 05-20 - Pioneer Venus 1

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UPITN 10 11 78 PIONEER VENUS PROJECTS MULTI-PROBES PREPARE TO LAND ON VENUS

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Dec. 9, 1978: Pioneer space probe makes a splash on Venus

American robotic spacecraft Pioneer Venus 2 launched three identical small probes to the atmosphere of the second planet from the sun. They measured its composition, sunshine, distribution of cloud particles, temperature, pressure, and properties of winds. The small probes were each at targeted different parts of the planet.